Location
United States
Country level only
Domain
gouline.net
Served through Cloudflare's network, which answers from the location nearest each visitor.
Still looking this up. This tab fills in as the answers arrive.
Network Every network on the internet has an autonomous system number (ASN). This is the one that announces this address.
AS13335Cloudflare
Cloudflare, Inc.
BGP prefixPrefix The block of addresses this IP is announced in to the rest of the internet. RPKI valid means the block's owner signed off on the network announcing it.
RPKI valid104.21.64.0/20
Seen by 3,404 peers
Latency Round trip for an HTTPS request from your browser to the site and back, including the server's reply time.
Live— ms
Measuring from your browser…
At a glance
Route
Finding a probe near you…
Networks crossed
Each network is an autonomous system (AS). Your traffic is handed from one to the next where they connect, following
the routes BGP advertises.
- AS16509Anthropic, PBC
- AS13335Cloudflare
Tracing from a probe near you with Globalping. Hop locations that its round-trip times rule out are left off the map.
DNS records
TypeNameValueTTL
Agouline.net104.21.74.675 min
Agouline.net172.67.200.425 min
AAAAgouline.net2606:4700:3031::ac43:c82a5 min
AAAAgouline.net2606:4700:3035::6815:4a435 min
NSgouline.netnoah.ns.cloudflare.com1 day
NSgouline.netmaria.ns.cloudflare.com1 day
MXgouline.net10 mx01.mail.icloud.com1 hr
MXgouline.net10 mx02.mail.icloud.com1 hr
TXTgouline.net"apple-domain=ZQManjKXYXkGREpc"5 min
TXTgouline.net"v=spf1 include:icloud.com -all"5 min
TXTgouline.net"google-site-verification=S7G30J1T2stGDD8J_qz0H-VzQd9GiOJqc7vbWmwN21g"5 min
TXTgouline.net"google-site-verification=uNbExM2wPwGPw3ALuBrB0RfYMZWcZu2qWTsWAi2iqMk"5 min
TXT_dmarc.gouline.net"v=DMARC1; p=reject; rua=mailto:be78ce88829547e4b12e691aad65c867@dmarc-reports.cloudflare.net"5 min
HTTPSgouline.net1 . alpn=h3,h2 ipv4hint=104.21.74.67,172.67.200.42 ech=AEX+DQBBpQAgACCMNN4yqOB6RcPvic9W8NIQogETEXSB/uAas3PzkgUXXgAEAAEAAQASY2xvdWRmbGFyZS1lY2guY29tAAA= ipv6hint=2606:4700:3031::ac43:c82a,2606:4700:3035::6815:4a435 min
DSgouline.net2371 13 2 08ce3675f2f2e70eb59187861c792bd0393210807445a42c78bad6eb6f8341441 day
Website
Page
Mike Gouline
Writing, talk materials and links.
- Language
- English
- Theme color
- #f5f7f9
Built with
- CloudFrom the provider's published address ranges.
- Cloudflare
- CDN
- Cloudflarecf-ray header
- Framework
- SvelteKitpage markup
Tech stack
Built with Each entry says what gave it away: a response header, a cookie's name, an asset's path or file name, or markup the tool leaves in the page. Versions are checked against endoflife.date's support schedules and, for JavaScript packages, OSV's vulnerability database, which carries GitHub's security advisories.
CDN & edge
- Cloudflare
cf-ray header
Framework
- SvelteKit
page markup
UI
- Svelte
SvelteKit renders with Svelte
Styling
- Tailwind CSS
28 Tailwind CSS class names
How it's made
- RenderingPrerendered pages are built ahead of time and served as files. Pages rendered on each request are built by server code for every visitor. Pages drawn in the browser arrive nearly empty and depend on JavaScript, which most AI crawlers don't run. Islands are interactive parts in otherwise static HTML.
- Complete HTML650 words before any script runs
- Edge cacheWhether a CDN or proxy answered heade.rs's request from its cache, and how long ago that copy was made (the Age header).
- Not cachedCloudflare
- Cache-Control
- public, max-age=0, must-revalidate
- HTML
- 247.6 KB
- Data for scriptsData the server writes into the HTML so JavaScript can pick up where the server left off (hydration). Browsers download and parse all of it before the page responds, so large payloads slow pages down, even when the page looks ready.
- SvelteKit data 226.3 KB · 91% of the HTML
- Scripts
- 0 files · 1 inline
Code from other sites Scripts a page loads from another domain run with the same power as its own code: they can read what visitors type and change the page. heade.rs checks what the HTML loads, not what tag managers add once they run.
The HTML loads no scripts from other sites.
Protected from spoofing
Mail that fails its checks is rejected under gouline.net's DMARC policy, so forged mail doesn't reach inboxes.
- Receives mail
- iCloud Mail
- Mail servers
- mx01.mail.icloud.commx02.mail.icloud.com
- SPFLists the servers allowed to send mail for the domain. Receivers check it against the sending server.
- Rejects everything else5 of 10 DNS lookups · includes icloud.com
- DMARCTells receivers what to do with mail that fails SPF and DKIM: nothing (none), spam folder (quarantine) or reject.
- Rejectsends reports
- MTA-STSRequires other mail servers to use encrypted connections (TLS) when delivering to this domain.
- Not published
- TLS reportsAsks other mail servers to report failed encrypted deliveries (TLS-RPT).
- Not requested
- BIMIA brand logo that some mail apps show next to authenticated mail from the domain.
- Not published
AI & agents
Open to AI crawlers
robots.txt lets every AI crawler in.
Crawlers
Allows allTrainingSearchOn request
They visit a page when someone asks an assistant about it. ChatGPT's, Perplexity's, Meta's and Amazon's treat robots.txt as advisory;
Anthropic's and Mistral's follow it.
OpenAIGPTBotallowedOAI-SearchBotallowedChatGPT-Userallowed
AnthropicClaudeBotallowedClaude-SearchBotallowedClaude-Userallowed
GoogleGoogle-ExtendedallowedGooglebotallowed—
Microsoft—bingbotallowed—
AppleApplebot-ExtendedallowedApplebotallowed—
Perplexity—PerplexityBotallowedPerplexity-Userallowed
MetaMeta-ExternalAgentallowedMeta-WebIndexerallowedMeta-ExternalFetcherallowed
AmazonAmazonbotallowedAmzn-SearchBotallowedAmzn-Userallowed
MistralMistralAI-TrainingallowedMistralAI-IndexallowedMistralAI-Userallowed
OthersCCBotallowedBytespiderallowedDuckAssistBotallowed
- Can cite itThe AI products that can use the site in their answers: each answers from one crawler (OAI-SearchBot for ChatGPT search, Googlebot for AI Overviews, bingbot for Copilot), and robots directives on the front page, like noindex, nosnippet and noarchive, keep some out.
- ChatGPT searchClaudePerplexityAI OverviewsGeminiCopilotMeta AISiri
It's on Cloudflare, which can also block AI crawlers at its edge whatever robots.txt says.
Reading
- Without JavaScriptText on the front page before any scripts run: what GPTBot, ClaudeBot, PerplexityBot and most agents read. Google, Bing and Apple's crawlers run scripts.
- 650 words
- MarkdownAgents like Claude Code, Cursor and OpenCode ask for Markdown in their Accept header. It's the page without its markup, so it costs them far fewer tokens.
- Not offered
- llms.txtA Markdown file listing a site's key pages for AI tools. Coding agents read it; search crawlers mostly don't.
- Not published
- Structured dataschema.org JSON-LD in the page: facts about the site in a form machines read directly.
- None on the front page
Tools Ways an AI agent can do things on the site, not just read it: an MCP server that apps like Claude, ChatGPT and Cursor connect to, an API catalog, packaged agent skills, a shopping profile (UCP), or tools the page offers AI in the browser (WebMCP). heade.rs looks in the official MCP Registry and the files the site publishes under /.well-known/.
No MCP server, API catalog, agent skills, shopping profile or in-page tools found.
Details
Network
- IPv4
- 104.21.74.67
- ASNThe autonomous system number of the network that announces this address.
- AS13335
- Operator
- Cloudflare, Inc.
- CDNFrom the provider's own published list of its address ranges.
- Cloudflare
- PrefixThe block of addresses announced over BGP that contains this address.
- 104.21.64.0/20
- RPKIWhether a signed record (ROA) authorizes this network to announce this prefix.
- Valid
- VisibilityHow many bgp.tools peers carry this announcement.
- 3,404 peers
- Type
- Content
- Registry
- ARIN
Location
Country level- Country
- United States
- Continent
- North America
Registration
RDAP- Registrar
- Cloudflare, Inc.
- Registered
- Sep 28, 201016 years ago
- Expires
- Sep 28, 2027in 11 months
- Updated
- May 31, 2025
- StatusRegistry flags on the domain, such as locks that stop unauthorized transfers or changes.
- Transfer locked
- DNSSECDNSSEC signs DNS answers so they can't be forged on the way to you.
- Signed
- Name servers
- maria.ns.cloudflare.comnoah.ns.cloudflare.com
- Registrant
- Redacted for privacy
Sep 28, 2010352 days leftSep 28, 2027
HTTPS
Certificate
Valid- Issuer
- Google Trust Services
- Issuing CA
- WE1
- Covers
- *.gouline.net, gouline.net
- Also validOther unexpired certificates for this name, found in Certificate Transparency logs.
- 18 more certificates
Sep 29, 202677 days leftDec 28, 2026
From Certificate Transparency logs, via Cert Spotter.
Security
A+- HSTSStrict-Transport-Security makes browsers refuse plain HTTP to this site. Preloaded sites are HTTPS-only even on a first visit.
- 1 year · with subdomains
- HTTP → HTTPSWhether the plain http:// address redirects visitors to the secure one.
- Redirects
- HTTP/3The newest HTTP, over QUIC. Announced in the alt-svc header or the domain's HTTPS DNS record.
- Available
- Encrypted helloEncrypted Client Hello (ECH) hides which site you're visiting from anyone watching the connection.
- Supported
- CAADNS records naming the only certificate authorities allowed to issue certificates for the domain.
- Any CA may issue
- security.txtA standard file (RFC 9116) telling security researchers how to report vulnerabilities.
- Not published
Security headers 7 of 7
- HSTSpresent
- CSPpresent
- Framingpresent
- No sniffingpresent
- Referrerpresent
- Permissionspresent
- Isolationpresent
Response
200 OK130 ms from CMHDNS lookup19 ms
200 gouline.net130 ms
DNSConnect (TCP + TLS)Waiting for the replyFrom Cloudflare's CMH data center
Response headers
- access-control-allow-origin
- *
- cache-control
- public, max-age=0, must-revalidate
- cf-cache-status
- DYNAMIC
- cf-ray
- a4979603ace6a691-CMH
- connection
- close
- content-security-policy
- base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'none'; form-action 'self'
- content-type
- text/html; charset=utf-8
- cross-origin-opener-policy
- same-origin
- date
- Mon, 12 Oct 2026 16:47:22 GMT
- link
</_app/immutable/entry/start.BHI1MVeF.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/prQGA6yw.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/Bgsf9N5k.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/entry/app.C3HojLKV.js>; rel="modulepreloa… Show all
</_app/immutable/entry/start.BHI1MVeF.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/prQGA6yw.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/Bgsf9N5k.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/entry/app.C3HojLKV.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/xihTtKlq.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/nodes/0.CWNhIJN7.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/DNk5V9Lo.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/Bs-pEJSM.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/Bsu_0J3u.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/nodes/2.CJKtYAgh.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/BzMv4jzS.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/CizI2tVH.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/nodes/4.CYXAOT3z.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/CVhQhxxy.js>; rel="modulepreload", </_app/immutable/chunks/hmcI--vX.js>; rel="modulepreload"- nel
- {"report_to":"cf-nel","success_fraction":0.0,"max_age":604800}
- permissions-policy
- camera=(), microphone=(), geolocation=(), payment=(), usb=()
- referrer-policy
- strict-origin-when-cross-origin
- report-to
{"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800,"endpoints":[{"url":"https://a.nel.cloudflare.com/report/v4?s=T00Vvq9%2Bh5GuV4tpou4RigWbya7Z1GxBPMU6JJ6SusSzlv2%2BAIQFyst3MBue4vheuz0b2MFOHIryBLEWsnpzWfoxDp3nLLTJSuZ4OSqHqB1wInxg807gvX6BkkBvswZE4yGhDnSDsK4… Show all
{"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800,"endpoints":[{"url":"https://a.nel.cloudflare.com/report/v4?s=T00Vvq9%2Bh5GuV4tpou4RigWbya7Z1GxBPMU6JJ6SusSzlv2%2BAIQFyst3MBue4vheuz0b2MFOHIryBLEWsnpzWfoxDp3nLLTJSuZ4OSqHqB1wInxg807gvX6BkkBvswZE4yGhDnSDsK4jtg%3D%3D"}]}- server
- cloudflare
- strict-transport-security
- max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains
- transfer-encoding
- chunked
- x-content-type-options
- nosniff
- x-frame-options
- DENY