Location
United States
Country level only
Domain
repubblica.it
Served through AWS CloudFront's network, which answers from the location nearest each visitor.
Still looking this up. This tab fills in as the answers arrive.
Network Every network on the internet has an autonomous system number (ASN). This is the one that announces this address.
AS16509Amazon
AWS · CloudFront
BGP prefixPrefix The block of addresses this IP is announced in to the rest of the internet. RPKI valid means the block's owner signed off on the network announcing it.
RPKI valid3.170.131.0/24
Seen by 3,088 peers
Latency Round trip for an HTTPS request from your browser to the site and back, including the server's reply time.
Live— ms
Measuring from your browser…
At a glance
Route
Finding a probe near you…
Networks crossed
Each network is an autonomous system (AS). Your traffic is handed from one to the next where they connect, following
the routes BGP advertises.
- AS16509Anthropic, PBC
Tracing from a probe near you with Globalping. Hop locations that its round-trip times rule out are left off the map.
Partly protected
DMARC only monitors (p=none): forged mail claiming to be from repubblica.it still reaches inboxes.
- Receives mail
- Microsoft 365
- Mail servers
- repubblica-it.mail.protection.outlook.com
- SPFLists the servers allowed to send mail for the domain. Receivers check it against the sending server.
- Rejects everything else3 of 10 DNS lookups · includes spf-smtp.kataweb.it, spf.protection.outlook.com…
- DMARCTells receivers what to do with mail that fails SPF and DKIM: nothing (none), spam folder (quarantine) or reject.
- Monitor onlysends reports
- MTA-STSRequires other mail servers to use encrypted connections (TLS) when delivering to this domain.
- Not published
- TLS reportsAsks other mail servers to report failed encrypted deliveries (TLS-RPT).
- Not requested
- BIMIA brand logo that some mail apps show next to authenticated mail from the domain.
- Not published
DNS records
TypeNameValueTTL
Arepubblica.it3.170.131.51 min
Arepubblica.it3.170.131.161 min
Arepubblica.it3.170.131.271 min
Arepubblica.it3.170.131.591 min
NSrepubblica.itns-1477.awsdns-56.org2 days
NSrepubblica.itns-1541.awsdns-00.co.uk2 days
NSrepubblica.itns-353.awsdns-44.com2 days
NSrepubblica.itns-723.awsdns-26.net2 days
MXrepubblica.it10 repubblica-it.mail.protection.outlook.com5 min
TXTrepubblica.it"MS=ms72424277"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"SFMC-_T6--Kc5qlekRRBfv05kGOTUHX7pvxD7uK2SK6oV"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"_globalsign-domain-verification=FLKtPTSW4x9WIs-3jIMSsaVzCXqlu376bzrgqPSs_C"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"adobe-idp-site-verification=4951a2de-d2e6-4566-a3a5-d9f14b5ccb91"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"c2cffqh4l2ywxn62fn1rn9cg16f7cvmw"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"facebook-domain-verification=iupcfiex0f76j0ap8l5axf7je2p358"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"google-site-verification=AT-bQYUuKsN8FiDccEM0pVKiX-Ai5ODGkX4oXAY9eiQ"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"google-site-verification=IjBBUr2ODX2Lo3ZGYICK5A5to7AFW17AyXrgMLMdErg"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"google-site-verification=SV1HRF2mq8hU9xNZFaNJykKkXqB3o8Lgcl_RucBJK1A"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"google-site-verification=fn7zRFzjSnp2qyMKUR9-Z8mJj7JwJTmd93v1aZSF3H0"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"nvwxctlbg0kkl2hsg4g8c4t22fnwpkb8"5 sec
TXTrepubblica.it"v=spf1 ip4:178.23.254.18 include:spf-smtp.kataweb.it include:spf.protection.outlook.com include:musvc.com -all"5 sec
TXT_dmarc.repubblica.it"v=DMARC1; p=none; rua=mailto:dmarc_agg@vali.email;"5 min
Details
Network
- IPv4
- 3.170.131.5
- Reverse DNSThe hostname this address points back to (its PTR record).
- server-3-170-131-5.cmh68.r.cloudfront.net
- ASNThe autonomous system number of the network that announces this address.
- AS16509
- Operator
- Amazon.com, Inc.
- CDNFrom the provider's own published list of its address ranges.
- AWS · CloudFront
- PrefixThe block of addresses announced over BGP that contains this address.
- 3.170.131.0/24
- RPKIWhether a signed record (ROA) authorizes this network to announce this prefix.
- Valid
- VisibilityHow many bgp.tools peers carry this announcement.
- 3,088 peers
- Type
- Content
- Registry
- ARIN
Location
Country level- Country
- United States
- Continent
- North America
Registration
WHOIS- PopularityCloudflare Radar's ranking of domains by how often 1.1.1.1 users look them up.
- Top 20,000
- Registered
- May 15, 199630 years ago
- Updated
- Feb 1, 2026
- StatusRegistry flags on the domain, such as locks that stop unauthorized transfers or changes.
- Active
- DNSSECDNSSEC signs DNS answers so they can't be forged on the way to you.
- Unsigned
- Registrant
- Redacted for privacy
HTTPS
Certificate
Valid- Issuer
- DigiCert
- Issuing CA
- Amazon RSA 2048 M04
- Covers
- repubblica.it, www.repubblica.it
- Also validOther unexpired certificates for this name, found in Certificate Transparency logs.
- 2 more certificates
Aug 23, 2026148 days leftMar 8, 2027
From Certificate Transparency logs, via Cert Spotter.
Security
F- HSTSStrict-Transport-Security makes browsers refuse plain HTTP to this site. Preloaded sites are HTTPS-only even on a first visit.
- Not sent
- HTTP → HTTPSWhether the plain http:// address redirects visitors to the secure one.
- Redirects
- HTTP/3The newest HTTP, over QUIC. Announced in the alt-svc header or the domain's HTTPS DNS record.
- Available
- CAADNS records naming the only certificate authorities allowed to issue certificates for the domain.
- Any CA may issue
- security.txtA standard file (RFC 9116) telling security researchers how to report vulnerabilities.
- Not published
Security headers 2 of 7
- HSTSmissing
- CSPpresent
- Framingmissing
- No sniffingmissing
- Referrerpresent
- Permissionsmissing
- Isolationmissing
Response
200 OK294 ms from CMHDNS lookup6 ms
301 repubblica.it242 ms
200 www.repubblica.it294 ms
DNSConnect (TCP + TLS)Waiting for the replyFrom Cloudflare's CMH data center
Response headers
- content-type
- text/html; charset=utf-8
- transfer-encoding
- chunked
- connection
- close
- x-guploader-uploadid
- AP6rU82k1MYncOowcK_SgB8xHckxC9NEGNL0ndWkdKzPmIPfjvFzsgNe7VJtEKoeFB8c9Yh5ICxocpQ
- x-goog-generation
- 1791823449642862
- x-goog-metageneration
- 1
- x-goog-stored-content-encoding
- identity
- x-goog-stored-content-length
- 310086
- x-goog-meta-mtime
- 2026-10-12T18:44:09.248859557+02:00
- x-goog-hash
- crc32c=lMiSaA==
- x-goog-hash
- md5=q+2UIUXrQji20LUk6H0TyQ==
- x-goog-storage-class
- REGIONAL
- x-cacheable
- YES
- content-encoding
- gzip
- referrer-policy
- unsafe-url
- content-security-policy
- upgrade-insecure-requests; default-src https: wss: data: blob: 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'
- x-robots-tag
- noarchive, max-image-preview:large
- x-kw-date
- Mon, 12 Oct 2026 16:46:16 GMT
- x-kw-expires
- cache-control
- max-age=15, s-maxage=15
- smaxagedone
- yup
- x-kw-cache-control
- max-age=15, s-maxage=15
- accept-ranges
- bytes
- date
- Mon, 12 Oct 2026 16:46:19 GMT
- via
- 1.1 google, 1.1 7f51b3ed93bc3627f3061df07d24a090.cloudfront.net (CloudFront)
- vary
- Accept-Encoding,gd-facet-webview,gd-facet2025-webview
- x-cache
- Miss from cloudfront
- x-amz-cf-pop
- CMH68-P5
- alt-svc
- h3=":443"; ma=86400
- x-amz-cf-id
- tRlR4kEzQ3tqUbs7jZYLFpNd-000s9-6cpXlnSs4dv90WQWgS-tACQ==
- age
- 3
Website
Page
la Repubblica - Ultime notizie di Cronaca, Politica, Economia, Sport, Esteri
la Repubblica è il quotidiano online aggiornato 24 ore su 24 su politica, cronaca, economia, sport, esteri, spettacoli, musica, cultura, scienza, tecnologia.
- Language
- Italian
Built with
- CloudFrom the provider's published address ranges.
- AWS · CloudFront
- CDN
- Amazon CloudFrontx-amz-cf-id header
Tech stack
Built with Each entry says what gave it away: a response header, a cookie's name, an asset's path or file name, or markup the tool leaves in the page. Versions are checked against endoflife.date's support schedules and, for JavaScript packages, OSV's vulnerability database, which carries GitHub's security advisories.
CDN & edge
- Amazon CloudFront
x-amz-cf-id header
Fonts
- Eugenio Sans Text
self-hosted font
- Eugenio Serif
self-hosted font
How it's made
- RenderingPrerendered pages are built ahead of time and served as files. Pages rendered on each request are built by server code for every visitor. Pages drawn in the browser arrive nearly empty and depend on JavaScript, which most AI crawlers don't run. Islands are interactive parts in otherwise static HTML.
- Prerendered, refreshed in the backgroundCache-Control: max-age=15, s-maxage=15
- Edge cacheWhether a CDN or proxy answered heade.rs's request from its cache, and how long ago that copy was made (the Age header).
- Not in cache yetCloudFront · made 3 s ago
- Cache-Control
- max-age=15, s-maxage=15
- HTML
- 464.7 KB · sent gzip-compressed
- Scripts
- 7 files · 10 inline7 from other sites
Code from other sites Scripts a page loads from another domain run with the same power as its own code: they can read what visitors type and change the page. heade.rs checks what the HTML loads, not what tag managers add once they run.
- Integrity checksSubresource Integrity: the script tag carries a hash of the file, so the browser refuses it if the other site changes it. Analytics and tag manager scripts change by design and can't carry one; pinned library files can.
- 0 of 7 scripts
AI & agents
Kept out of Perplexity, Copilot and Siri
robots.txt blocks PerplexityBot and Applebot, and the front page tells every crawler “noarchive”. ChatGPT search, Claude, AI Overviews and Meta AI can still cite it.
Crawlers
Blocks 9 of 25TrainingSearchOn request
They visit a page when someone asks an assistant about it. ChatGPT's, Perplexity's, Meta's and Amazon's treat robots.txt as advisory;
Anthropic's and Mistral's follow it.
OpenAIGPTBotblockedOAI-SearchBotallowedChatGPT-Userallowed
AnthropicClaudeBotallowedClaude-SearchBotallowedClaude-Userallowed
GoogleGoogle-ExtendedblockedGooglebotallowed—
Microsoft—bingbotallowed—
AppleApplebot-ExtendedblockedApplebotblocked—
Perplexity—PerplexityBotblockedPerplexity-Userallowed
MetaMeta-ExternalAgentallowedMeta-WebIndexerallowedMeta-ExternalFetcherblocked
AmazonAmazonbotallowedAmzn-SearchBotallowedAmzn-Userallowed
MistralMistralAI-TrainingallowedMistralAI-IndexallowedMistralAI-Userallowed
OthersCCBotblockedBytespiderblockedDuckAssistBotblocked
- Can cite itThe AI products that can use the site in their answers: each answers from one crawler (OAI-SearchBot for ChatGPT search, Googlebot for AI Overviews, bingbot for Copilot), and robots directives on the front page, like noindex, nosnippet and noarchive, keep some out.
- ChatGPT searchClaudeAI OverviewsMeta AI
- Kept out of
- Perplexity: robots.txt blocks PerplexityBotGemini: robots.txt blocks Google-ExtendedCopilot: The front page tells every crawler “noarchive”Siri: robots.txt blocks Applebot
Front page
Directives in the front page's robots meta tags or X-Robots-Tag header. noindex keeps it out of search, nosnippet out of Google's AI Overviews and
Siri's answers, and noarchive out of Copilot's.
noarchive
Reading
- Without JavaScriptText on the front page before any scripts run: what GPTBot, ClaudeBot, PerplexityBot and most agents read. Google, Bing and Apple's crawlers run scripts.
- 4,033 words
- MarkdownAgents like Claude Code, Cursor and OpenCode ask for Markdown in their Accept header. It's the page without its markup, so it costs them far fewer tokens.
- Not offered
- llms.txtA Markdown file listing a site's key pages for AI tools. Coding agents read it; search crawlers mostly don't.
- 38 links in 7 sections
- Structured dataschema.org JSON-LD in the page: facts about the site in a form machines read directly.
- NewsMediaOrganization
Tools Ways an AI agent can do things on the site, not just read it: an MCP server that apps like Claude, ChatGPT and Cursor connect to, an API catalog, packaged agent skills, a shopping profile (UCP), or tools the page offers AI in the browser (WebMCP). heade.rs looks in the official MCP Registry and the files the site publishes under /.well-known/.
No MCP server, API catalog, agent skills, shopping profile or in-page tools found.